What term is used to refer to disease-causing bacteria?

The term "pathogenic" specifically refers to microorganisms, including bacteria, that are capable of causing disease in hosts. Pathogenic bacteria can invade the tissue, evade the immune system, and produce toxins, leading to various health issues. This concept is fundamental in microbiology and public health, as understanding pathogenic organisms is crucial for preventing and treating infections.

In contrast, probiotics refer to beneficial bacteria that promote health and are often found in fermented foods or supplements. Ethylene is a plant hormone involved in growth and development, and chlorogenic pertains to compounds found in coffee and some plants, associated with health benefits but not related to disease-causing organisms. Therefore, the focus on "pathogenic" correctly identifies the group of bacteria associated with disease, establishing it as the right choice. This distinguishes harmful organisms from those that contribute positively to health or are unrelated to disease altogether.